⠖

⠖ U+2816, ⠖ BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-235 ← ⠕ [U+2815] Braille Patterns ⠗ → [U+2817]

Translingual

A character of the braille script, originally used as an exclamation mark. Some alphabets use it for a variant of f or ph because it is a lowered version of the braille letter ⠋ f.

Etymology

More information

Invented by Louis Braille, braille cells were arranged in numerical order and assigned to the letters of the French alphabet. Most braille alphabets follow this assignment for the 26 letters of the basic Latin alphabet or, in non-Latin scripts, for the transliterations of those letters. In such alphabets, the first ten braille letters (the first decade: ⠁⠃⠉⠙⠑⠋⠛⠓⠊⠚) are assigned to the Latin letters A to J and to the digits 1 to 9 and 0. (Apart from '2', the even digits all have three dots: ⠃⠙⠋⠓⠚.)

The letters of the first decade are those cells with at least one dot in the top row and at least one in the left column, but none in the bottom row. The next decade repeat the pattern with the addition of a dot at the lower left, the third decade with two dots in the bottom row, and the fourth with a dot on the bottom right. The fifth decade is like the first, but shifted downward one row. The first decade is supplemented by the two characters with dots in the right column and none in the bottom row, and that supplement is propagated to the other decades using the generation rules above. Finally, there are four characters with no dots in the top two rows. Many languages that use braille letters beyond the 26 of the basic Latin alphabet follow an approximation of the English or French values for additional letters.

Punctuation mark

⠖

1. (Braille) ! (exclamation mark)

Letter

⠖

1. (IPA Braille) Modifies the following letter

   ⠖⠉ ç, ⠖⠗ ɾ, ⠖⠧ ⱱ, ⠖⠍ ɱ, ⠖⠓ ħ, ⠖⠇ ɫ, ⠖⠺ ʍ, ⠖⠆ ʕ

Non-Latin transliteration

1. (Ethiopic Braille) ጵ (p̣ᵊ)
2. (Bharati Braille) फ (pha)
3. (Tibetan Braille) subscript ར (ra) (see ⠗)
4. (Burmese Braille) ဆ (cha)
5. (Thai Braille) The vowel เ◌า (ao)
6. (Cantonese Braille) The rime im

See also

Braille script navigation

• Braille eight-dot extensions from ⟨⠖⟩:    ⡖   ⢖   ⣖

English

Punctuation mark

⠖ (!)

1. ! (exclamation mark)

Letter

⠖ (ff)

1. Renders the print sequence -ff-.

Usage notes

• Can only appear within a word where it does not contact an apostrophe or hyphen; at the end of a word it would be confused with an exclamation mark. Cannot span a compound word or an obvious affix, but acceptable in words like suffix where the affix is obscure.

Prefix

⠖

1. to

Usage notes

• This is used for the independent English word to (prepositional or infinitival), but in braille it joins with the following word as an orthographic prefix. It is not used otherwise for the letter sequence t-o.
• Because this cell does not have dots in the top row, it is not used where it would contact a punctuation mark. (This is not ordinarily an issue because it's only written prefixed to another word.)
• Abolished in Unified English Braille.

Derived terms

• ⠔⠖ into (also a prefix)

French

Punctuation mark

⠖ (!)

1. The exclamation mark, ⟨!⟩.

Symbol

⠖ (+)

1. (in the context of the Antoine number sign ⟨⠠ or of the number sign ⠼⟩) The addition sign, ⟨+⟩.

Contraction

⠖

1. The independent word puis.
2. The letter sequences pr [+V] and pro [+C].

Usage notes

• The sequences pr and pro may appear anywhere in their word, with the proviso that they be followed by a vowel or consonant letter, respectively.

Japanese

Syllable

⠖ (romaji we)

1. The hiragana syllable ゑ (we) or the katakana syllable ヱ (we) in Japanese braille.

Korean

Letter

⠖ • (-k)

1. Syllable-final ㅋ (k).

Coordinate terms

• Syllable-initial ⠋.

Punctuation mark

⠖ • (!)

1. the exclamation mark, ⟨!⟩

Mandarin

Letter

⠖

1. (Mainland Braille) The rime ao
2. (Taiwan Braille) The rime yong/-iong
3. (Two-Cell Braille) The onset f-

Contraction

⠖

1. (Two-Cell Braille) the suffix 是 (-shi) (compare ⠋)

Braille script navigation

• Braille eight-dot extensions from ⟨⠖⟩:    ⡖   ⢖   ⣖